Polls opened at 5AM on Sunday, October 1 in Spain for the referendum on the question of Catalonia’s independence.

A wave of repression under orders of the Spanish government in Madrid attempted to halt the referendum on October 1.

With two days left until the constitutional referendum vote in Turkey on April 16th, there are still a myriad of potential scenarios and outcomes. Regardless of the result of the vote, the left will be tasked to navigate a post-referendum political climate, with both considerable possibilities and challenges.

Only a few days are left before Turkey’s April 16th constitutional referendum on the transition to an authoritarian presidential system. Those who thought that the referendum would be a piece of cake for the government given the countrywide state of emergency were proven wrong.

The aftermath of the coup and Erdogan’s management of the situation on the night of the attempt, have presented him with a blank check to use and further expand the police state that he had already created two years ago. On the eve of a constitutional referendum, the opposition in Turkey is quickly approaching what could be its last window of opportunity, for the foreseeable future, to push for democratization.

Elvis Kušljugić reports on a recent referendum held in the serbian autonomous region of Bosnia-Herzegovina and how it has revealed the weakening position of traditional nationalist elites throughout the country.

This past February 21st, Evo Morales, who has served as the Bolivian president since 2006, lost a national referendum which would have allowed him a fourth consecutive term. Morales had sought to change the Bolivian constitution in order to stand for re-election in the 2020 elections, opening the possibility for him to be president for 18 years in a row.